Black Like Me A Cultural Book Report Essay Example For Students

Black Like Me: A Cultural Book Report Essay Word Count: 913John Howard Griffin was a journalist and a professional on race issues. After publication, he became a leading advocate in the Civil Rights Movement and did much to promote awareness of the racial situation sand pass legislature. He was middle aged and living in Mansfield, Texas at the time of publication in 1960. His desire to know if Southern whites were racist against the Negro population of the Deep South, or if they really judged people based on the individuals personality as they said. Because of this he felt that they had encouraged him to cross the color line and write Black Like Me. Plot:Black Like Me is the story of a man named John Howard Griffin, who underwent a series of medical treatments to change his skin color temporarily to black; a transformation that was complete when John Howard Griffin shaved off his hair, and looking in the mirror, saw a bald, middle-aged black man. The reason he does this is for an experiment to see how racism was in the Deep South from personal experience. From November 6th to December 14th in the early 60s, he hitchhiked, walked, and rode through Mississippi, Alabama, Louisiana, and Georgia. After three weeks in the Deep South as a black man John Howard Griffin produced a journal covering his change into the black race, his travels and experiences in the South, the shift back into white society, and the reaction of those he knew prior his experience. The book was published and released. The reaction on the society differed in great ammounts. Characterization:John Howard Griffin is the main character in the story. Throughout the story, this person displayed many qualities. He showed determination because he was bound and determined to become a black man so he could expose the truth about the Deep South and how racist they were. He also showed courage, for being able to pull through and do the things he did, such as become a whole new person of another race and going into dangerous territory where he knew he wasnt really welcomed. He also displayed a sense of dignity, because after he was done with this experiment, he was threatened several times and even burned in effigy in his hometown, but he still maintained his ground as long as he could. And last, but not least, he showed us a sense of hope, because no matter what, even in the darkest times, he would still keep at least a small bit of hope in him. Cultural Insights:The things that Ive learned about white people and black people is that things arent always what they seem to be. A white person could be the nicest person to you at first if you are white, but the next they could hate you for being black if you are a black person. But not every white person is like this. Universal Insight:In Montgomery, Alabama, Griffin decided it was time for him to reenter white society, but he also wanted to gain information of the area as a black man. So, he found the technique of covering an area as a black and then returning the following day as a white. What he found was, as a black he would receive the hate stare from whites and be treated with every courtesy by the black community. As a white, it would be the exact opposite, he would get the hate stare from blacks and be treated wonderfully by the same people who despised him the previous day. The only thing altered was his appearance. He dyed his skin a very dark brown and shaved his head, his clothing, speech patterns, and references had not changed and every question was answered truthfully. If people did judge others by their qualities and qualifications, his time in the Deep South should have been fairly uneventful. Instead, there were daily hunts to find rest- room facilities, restaurants, stores, and various other conveniences that he took advantage of before he crossed the color line. Even though he was the same exact person, people treated him differently.Literary Analysis:To covey his message against racism, John Howard Griffin uses theme as one literary concept. He shows us that even though he was the same exact person as he was when he was white even when he changed his skin color, people treated him in different ways just because of his skin color. .uf38245ced7adaa011efa9926e977dc7f , .uf38245ced7adaa011efa9926e977dc7f .postImageUrl , .uf38245ced7adaa011efa9926e977dc7f .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uf38245ced7adaa011efa9926e977dc7f , .uf38245ced7adaa011efa9926e977dc7f:hover , .uf38245ced7adaa011efa9926e977dc7f:visited , .uf38245ced7adaa011efa9926e977dc7f:active { border:0!important; } .uf38245ced7adaa011efa9926e977dc7f .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uf38245ced7adaa011efa9926e977dc7f { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uf38245ced7adaa011efa9926e977dc7f:active , .uf38245ced7adaa011efa9926e977dc7f:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uf38245ced7adaa011efa9926e977dc7f .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf38245ced7adaa011efa9926e977dc7f .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uf38245ced7adaa011efa9926e977dc7f .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uf38245ced7adaa011efa9926e977dc7f .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf38245ced7adaa011efa9926e977dc7f:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uf38245ced7adaa011efa9926e977dc7f .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uf38245ced7adaa011efa9926e977dc7f .uf38245ced7adaa011efa9926e977dc7f-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf38245ced7adaa011efa9926e977dc7f:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: 1984 misc 12 00 EssayAnother way the author conveys his message against racism is that he uses mood as another literary concept. He puts the reader in a mood of disgust, not against the book, but against the people in the book and the racism that takes place in the book. Historic Reference: November 14, the day John Howard Griffin decided to leave to conduct his experiment, was the day after the Mississippi jury refused to indict or consider the evidence in the Mack Parker kidnap-lynch murder case. Because of this case, the tension between black and white became stronger, which led to making John Howard Griffins travels more difficult, being a black man. This book relates to American history because it takes the reader into the Deep South before the Civil Rights Movements took hold and shows what it was like to be black in the early 1960s.

Vocabulary Learning in an Automated Graded Reading Program and Self

Introduction: Design of the Studies A quantitative design is an important component in measuring and rating the behaviors in pre-test and posttest experiments. Both articles under analysis have applied to quantitative research methods evaluate behavioral patterns and define the extent to which a specific invariable component can influence other variables.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Vocabulary Learning in an Automated Graded Reading Program and Self-Identity Changes and English Learning among Chinese specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In this respect, the studies refer to linguistics as the major factor influencing other behavioral patterns, as well as introducing shits to attitude and perception. The articles are based on experimental design because the participants of the study are involved into specifically designed situations for the purpose of defining whether these manipulations can change beha vior. However, the research instruments, along with the number of participants, independent and dependent variables, and sampling, differ significantly. At this point, the first article under consideration called Vocabulary Learning in an Automated Graded Reading Program applies to an cluster sampling because of the geographical advantages and it takes a long period of time (twelve weeks) to carry out the study. In contrast, the second research entitled as Self-Identity Changes and English Learning among Chinese Undergraduates provides an overview of a stratified sampling that reveals different patterns of behavior with regard to such variables as sex, major course, and age, which are not presented in the first study. In order to evaluate the relevancy and validity of the methodology, it is purposeful to define the correlation between the research design and the results of the study. Methodology Overview Brief overview of research methods In the study by Huang (2007), the primary em phasis has been placed on the selection of the articles that would fit the requirements of the research. In order to choose the 16 articles, such factors as students’ background and word frequency have been used. Introducing such computerized device as Textgrader, on the one hand, is an effective approach to define the size, the number of new words to be introduced, as well as other parameters related to the topic of the discussion. On the other hand, use of automated analysis does not contribute to a consistent evaluation of human factors, since students can have different levels of word exposure and knowledge background to memorize words and infer them from the context.Advertising Looking for critical writing on linguistics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The problem is especially critical as far as the sampling population is concerned. The software involved into the study, however, cannot be considered cost-effectiv e because it requires installation of specific computerized devices. Regarding the methodological instruments, there is a strong focus made on searching for the texts for students to read. However, lack of tools necessary to select a sample introduces ambiguity. In other words, the study does not provide a sufficient explanation why the fixed sample has been chosen to take part into word lists reading program. In additional, the author has failed to evaluate the overall background of the participants and split those into specific groups with regard to the identified chosen word lists. In general, the research is a longitudinal study because it is premised on repetitive actions focused on a particular group of students to measure any changes and deviations from the established norms. Introducing experimental program provides more perspectives for analysis in terms of introduced variables and the sample population. Pre-test and posttest stages have also been introduced to define any i mprovements among the students. Presence of questionnaires providing an extensive overview of the participants has contributed to the analysis of the learners’ attitude to the Internet use in learning English. Though two questionnaires have been designed to estimate the learners’ attitude toward reading, as well as background, no changes have been made to the overall design of the study. At this point, all the participants have relatively different levels of computer access at home and different experiences in reading English texts. Therefore, the study does not demonstrate how this information could be applied to fit the experimental design of the study.Advertising We will write a custom critical writing sample on Vocabulary Learning in an Automated Graded Reading Program and Self-Identity Changes and English Learning among Chinese specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In contrast to the first study, Yihong et al. (2005 ) have introduced a stratified population sampling enabling the researchers to draw conclusions about particular subgroups that cannot be defined in a generalized random sample. The chosen sample approach contributes to accumulating data across specified groups. Because the sample has been chosen from 30 universities, it is possible to infer that the sample is the closest to the general population criteria. Finally, the choice of a stratum enables choosing various sampling approaches, including the most cost-effective ones. In this respect, the researchers have applied mostly to questionnaires to include 24 statements about different categories of change based on existing bilingual theory. As a result of the quantitative methods used in the form of questionnaires and variance analysis, the research has managed to achieve the highest results. Using questionnaire as a methodological instrument has created a number of benefits for the researchers in terms of information availability an d statistical analysis. Though there was lack of computerized tools, the research is still valid and reliable because of the variety of questions introduced into the survey. A set of observations gained from the questionnaire has become the major source of quantitative analysis. It is also important to note that the researchers have managed to present sufficient information for statistical evaluation due to the categories introduced into the study. Judging from the choice of the sample and methods of research, the article refers to linguistic sociological study with its aim to measure the identities of different participants within a specific sample. Nevertheless, the author recognizes that using standard deviations test to define how these categories can be applied to evaluate the identity changes in correlation with the other independent variables. Data Collection Techniques Regarding the quantitative methodologies applied in the first study, it should be noted that many framework s implemented are relied on other experimental studies related to linguistics and learning techniques. At this point, the overview of related experiments and observational studies has greatly contributed to the exposition of quantitative data in the given study.Advertising Looking for critical writing on linguistics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More As per the second study, the researchers have applied to conventional methodologies to analyze the collected data and to choose the sample population. Overall, both articles have presented an extensive overview of relevant information collection methods. However, the second research initiated by Yihong et al. (2005) represents data with greater precision. Specifically, the availability of different charts and tables creates a wider insight into the accuracy of the data introduced, as well as stronger understanding of how different dependent and independent variables are interconnected. While evaluating the data collection hypotheses in more detail, it should be stressed that Huang (2007) has managed to integrate clearly stated purposes of the research and test those questions effectively. In such manner, the scholar has exposed a clear frame of the study. The second article has also introduced a clear thesis statement, but there is no specific identification of question to be tested . Despite the drawback, both articles have clearly introduced the data collection instruments, as well as data collection procedures. Hence, the first article applies to computerized tools to evaluate the appropriateness of the tools, whereas the second study makes use of the previous researches and theories to make up a questionnaire. Regardless of the differences in the methodological instruments, they still add value to the research due to the rates and scores provided in the study evaluation. The data collection procedures fully conform to the purpose of the research in terms of normality of distribution, homogeneity of variance, and levels of measurements. However, the first article fails to reveal the powerful data analysis techniques with regard to statistical procedure because no specific graphs and tables have been presented. As per the second study, the data analysis criteria have been full met with regard to the availability of statistical procedures. Because the two rese archers are premised on different approaches to data recording, the degree of errors differs as well. At this point, the first article is mostly based on computerized data assessment, which provides lower probability of error occurrence whereas the second article is more based on manual data recording which might involve more errors because of the human factor. Therefore, the second article provides lower level of reliability. Conclusion: Evaluation Of Methodologies While analyzing the above-presented methodological instruments for data collection and analysis, it can be concluded that both articles have suitable quantitative research designs because they fully meet the requirements of the research questions. More importantly, all the data collection procedures correspond to accepted procedures of experimental design. As per the sample population, the research articles outline different approaches to choosing the sample due to the various objectives of the study. In particular, the first article represents cluster sampling to carry out a longitudinal study, whereas the second article introduces a stratified sampling that perfectly suits a linguistic sociological nature of the research. Data collection procedures and instruments are powerful enough to measure the identified attitudinal patterns and important characteristics with adequate accuracy. Hence, using computerized tools in the first study enables the research to identify the texts that would disclose the major characteristics of text required for the program. The statements identified in the second study also offer a full picture of behavioral and changing patterns influencing students who study English. The difficulties, however, might occur because no evidence and arguments have been integrated with regard to the number of the participants chosen in the first study. Both articles add value to other existing researches in the sphere of linguistic and contribute significantly the frameworks needed for learning languages. Specifically, because the articles are focused on the patterns and measurements of scores and rates, they can be compared with existing statistical data referred to similar topics. Also, both studies manage to accurately identify the actual purposes of the instruments used, as well as find a close correlation between existing dependent and independent variables. What is more important is that separate findings from the studies can be used to be elaborate those in other researches. References Huang, H.-T. (2007). Vocabulary Learning in an Automated Graded Reading Program. Language Learning Technology. 11(3), 64-82. Yihong, G., Ying, C., Yuan, Z., Yan, Z. (2005). Self-Identity Changes and English Learning among Chinese Undergraduates. World Englishes. 24(1), 39-51. This critical writing on Vocabulary Learning in an Automated Graded Reading Program and Self-Identity Changes and English Learning among Chinese was written and submitted by user Cristopher C. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Oedipus and Antigone Essay

Oedipus and Antigone Essay Oedipus and Antigone Essay JT and Jordan Argument 3 Block 2 Antigone Is Justified Antigone was courageous and willing to die for her cause. She thinks burying her brother was the right thing to do. When she approaches her sister Ismene for help to bury Polyneices, she speaks fearlessly about her willingness to die for her cause, â€Å"But if I must bury him, and if I must die, I say that this crime is holy, I shall lie down with him in death and I shall be as dear to him as he to me† (1.2.57-60). She disobeyed Creon and buried Polyneices anyway, knowing that the punishment was death. She places dust on the body only to have it removed by the sentries, than again by the gods and the storm. When confronted about it, Antigone she responds saying, â€Å"Creon is not strong enough to stand in my way† (1.2.36). She isn’t afraid of Creon and she won’t let him hold her back. She isn’t afraid to die for her brother and what she thinks is right. She will fight to the death to try to prove she is right and what she is doing is fair. Later i n the play, when she is arrested, Creon confronts Antigone. She says to Creon, â€Å"I knew I must die, even without your decree, I am only mortal, and if I must die now, before it is my time to die, surely there is no hardship: can anyone living, as I live, with all evil about me, think death less than a friend? † (1.2.73-75). She stands firm even before the highest ruler of Thebes. She doesn’t try to run away from what she did. She didn’t deny what she did. She stood in front of Creon

Fitting Quotations

Fitting Quotations Fitting Quotations Fitting Quotations By Maeve Maddox Incorporating direct quotations effectively is an important writing skill. Here is an example of an ill-fitting quotation in an article about media doctor Mehmet Oz who was recently the subject of a Senate hearing. It’s from an article by Terrence McCoy in The Washington Post (print and digital): â€Å"I recognize that oftentimes they don’t have the scientific muster to present as fact,† Oz said at a U.S. Senate hearing, adding that he â€Å"personally believes in the items I talk about in my show.† One obvious problem with this example is the use of pronouns that don’t go together. Not so obvious is the fact that the quotation differs from what Oz actually said. Quotation marks represent a covenant between writer and reader, a promise that the words enclosed by them are exactly what the person being quoted said. Here’s the original response to Senator McCaskill’s question: I actually do personally believe in the items I talk about in the show. In quoting Oz’s original statement, the writer has fallen into a crack between direct and indirect quotation. The word he is outside the quoted material, but the writer (or editor) has added an -s to believe to make it agree with he. Without noticing that the pronoun I does not fit with the preceding he, the writer adds a my that was not in the original quotation. The writer could have reported the words as an indirect quotation, putting only part of it in quotation marks: he â€Å"personally believes† in the products he talks about in his show. Or, he could have introduced the quotation with a colon: â€Å"I recognize that oftentimes they don’t have the scientific muster to present as fact,† Oz said at a U.S. Senate hearing, adding: â€Å"I actually do personally believe in the items I talk about in the show.† A quotation should not be dropped into an essay or a news article without adequate introduction. It should agree grammatically with surrounding text, reproduce the exact words that were said, and it should not stand alone. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Style category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:50 Idioms About Legs, Feet, and ToesStory Writing 101Grammatical Case in English

Ecology in the news tasksheet Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Ecology in the news tasksheet - Essay Example The underlying assumption is that warming makes thunderstorms more explosive. The increased water vapour as one of the greenhouse gases fuels the explosion that causes lightning (Romps et al., 2014).. Anthropogenic activities on the environment are the main reason as to why the world is recording increased atmospheric temperatures. On the other hand, the issue qualifies to be of great importance since lightning is one of the environmental problems. Though lightning injuries and accidents are natural calamities, destructive human activities on the environment are increasing the intensity of thunderstorms and lightning the (University of California, 2014). Therefore, an increase in lightning intensity and frequency mean more harm in the form of human injuries. Annually, thousands of people succumb to lightning injuries. The implication is that many will lose their lives if the trend continues in the future. A significant environmental impact of lightning is the increase in wildfires (Romps et al., 2014).. Lighting ignited forest fires are always hard to fight, and they are more destructive to the natural vegetation. However, one advantage of lightning strikes is the additional nitrogen oxides into the atmosphere thus controlling the chemistry of the atmosphere. Alternatively, it is possible to argue that seasonal temperature variations are the reason behind increased lightning. Though this journal ascertains that the projected increase in lightning strikes is due to precipitation and cloud buoyancy, scientists, and meteorologists have not done reliable analyses to predict what the future holds for humanity. However, studying atmospheric properties like the cloud buoyancy and precipitation may give a clue on what thunderstorm and lightning intensities may look like in future (Romps et al., 2014). Nonetheless, it necessary to understand that charge separation that occurs within the clouds causes lightning. Therefore, it takes a good amount of water vapour as

In your own words, define group communication in three to five Essay

In your own words, define group communication in three to five sentences - Essay Example Each member of the group is also encouraged to provide a feedback or to share in the brainstorming session to enrich the collective ideas and arrive at a more suitable outcome. An individual communication refers to the transmission of ideas to another without a need of requiring another person to collaborate or add up to the idea being communicated. The ideas are formulated by the communicator alone in order to implement a plan in accordance to one’s goal. There are approaches that can be used to promote individual and group communication. In individual communication and group communication anyone can be both a communicator and a listener. The participants in communication will be a speaker at one time and a listener at another. Thus, they must both possess the good qualities of a speaker and a listener. As a speaker, it is necessary to speak clearly and organize the idea logically. At the same time, the speaker should be patient to explain one’s thought and the listene r request for further explanation. The strategies are commonly used individuals in face-to-face interaction as well as in the use of social networking platform. Successful communication is facilitated when the communicators are at ease. This will enhance receptivity and allow full comprehension of the message being transmitted.

Consciousness mind Essay Example for Free

Consciousness mind Essay The Psyche, is a culmination of how we interpret the world, all our psychological nature. It’s not about the destination; it’s about the journey. The psyches are different paths to knowledge but have the same ending, personal ideas, experiences, emotions, as well as the collective unconscious. Conscious is the only part to the mind that is known directly by the individual, thinking, feeling, sensing, and intuiting. This is how we grow our consciousness; the attitudes of extroversion and introversion determine how we orient our conscious mind. Individuation, or knowing oneself as completely as possible is how we produce and develop our ego. The Ego acts as the gatekeeper, it determines what perceptions thoughts feeling and memories will enter consciousness. Its what we select to make conscious. The organizational of how we operate. The personal unconscious is the idea of information that we file away in our mind. Its there, but we’re not focusing on it at the moment; it’s below the surface, the storehouse of repressed psychic material Complexes lie in our personal unconscious. They are groups of contents that clump together to form a cluster or constellation. They are separate little personalities within the total personality. They are autonomous, possessing their own driving force, and can be very powerful in controlling our thoughts and behaviors. The collective unconscious is the portion of the psyche, which can be differentiated from the personal unconscious by the fact that its existence is not dependent upon personal experience, composed of contents that were once conscious, but the contents of the collective unconscious have never been conscious within the life time of the individual. Ex: Mans fear of snakes or the dark. Does not learn these fears through experiences with snakes or the dark, although such experiences may reinforce or reaffirm his predispositions. We inherit predispositions to fear snakes and the dark because our primitive ancestors experienced these fears for countless generations. They become engraved upon the brain. Archetypes lie in the collective unconscious, models of our ancestry, it is the endless repetition that has engraved these experiences into our psychic constitution, not in the forms of images filled with content, but at first only as forms without content, representing merely the possibility of a certain type of perception and action. They are universal; everyone inherits the same basic archetypal images. The persona, to take a characteristic that isn’t your own. The persona is the mask or facade one exhibits publicly, with the intention of presenting a favorable impression so that society will accept him. It is necessary for survival, it enables us to get along with people, even those we dislike, in an amicable manner. The anima/animus is the â€Å"outward face† of the psyche because it is that face which the world sees. The â€Å"inward face† he called the anima in males and animus in females. The anima archetype is the feminine side of the male psyche; the animus archetype is the masculine side of the female psyche. Everyone has qualities of the opposite sex. The shadow, is primal and animalistic, it lives in the unconscious. It is projected on the opposite sex and is responsible for the quality of the relationships between the sexes. It is persistent and does not yield easily to suppression. Ex: farmer to poet, burying the idea of being a poet, but an even may trigger that desire. The bigger the personality the bigger the shadow. The self is the organizing principle of the personality. It is the central archetype in the collective unconscious. It harmonizes all the archetypes and their manifestations in complexes and consciousness. It unites the personality, giving it a sense of oneness and firmness. The psyche: a relatively closed system must be dealt with as a unitary system within itself, apart from any other energy system. It is derived from the things we touch, see, smell, taste, feel, or hear. These are the continuous source of stimulation by which the psyche is fed. The psychic energy is the energy by which the work of the personality is performed. Also called the libido, the natural state of appetite, manifested consciously as striving desiring, and willing. Its expresses itself through perceiving, remembering, thinking, feeling, wishing, willing, attending, and striving. It originates from the experiences that a person has. Psychic values, a value is a measure of the amount of energy that is committed to a particular psychic element. When placing a high value on an idea or feeling it can exert a considerable force in influencing one’s behavior. For instance, one who puts a high value on beauty will put forth large amounts of energy to surrounding oneself with beautiful things. This reminded me of my sister in law, whom is obsessed with very beautiful and very expensive things in life. She devotes her time and hard earned money to the material things in life. One might say she’s trying to keep up with the Jones’. She would say she like beautiful and expensive things. Direct observation and deduction, is a complex that does not always exhibit its characteristics in conscious behavior. Ex: The person who says, â€Å"I can’t stand gossips† may be the one who gossips most. Complex indicators are any disturbance of behavior may be indicative of a complex. Ex: when a man calls his wife by his mother’s name, it suggests that his mother complex has assimilated his wife to it. The repressed memory is assumed which has some connection with an unconscious complex so that the memory is swallowed up by it. Emotional Reactions, is the underlying complex. Intuition is the natural and spontaneous capacity every man has to perceive the slightest emotional fluctuation in others. The Principle of Equivalence if the amount of energy cosigned to a given psychic element decreases or disappears, that amount of energy is lost from the psyche; it is simply transferred from one position to another. The principle of Entropy is the direction in which energy flows is conceptualized in physics by the second law of thermodynamics. This principle states, in effect, that when two bodies of different temperatures are placed in contact, heat will pass from the hotter to the colder body until the temp of the two bodies is equalized. Progression and regression, Progression is defined as a persons daily experiences, which advance his psychological adaptation. Ones progression is a continuous process since his environment and experiences change continuously, which then adaptation is never completely achieved. Regression is the backward movement of libido. Through the collision and interactions of the opposites, they steadily become deprived of their energy. It subtracts energy from psychic elements whereas progression adds energy to psychic elements. Individuation Jung understood individuation to be something that began in the second half of life, when individuals reach the zenith of their lives and suddenly find themselves facing an unknown vista or some unforeseen upheaval. Sometimes this turning point takes the form of a crisis: such as a financial failure, a health problem, a broken relationship, or a change of residence or profession something which upsets the status quo. Sometimes this experience assumes the form of a profound self-doubt, a loss of meaning or religious conviction, a questioning of everything previously held so dear. Sometimes it presents itself as a deep yearning or a call to change direction. In essence, one could say that the unconscious, or more specifically, the Self (with a capital S), the central organizing archetype in the human psyche, which has seemingly hidden the greatest measure of its influence while the ego has been busy building a life for itself, suddenly the Self returns full force to claim a significant say, if not a central place, in the overall scheme of things. And for what purpose? To call a person to become a psychological ‘in-dividual,’ a separate, indivisible unity or whole. Those personal aspects, which have heretofore been disregarded be they interests, talents, characteristics, experiences, or issues now come forth to be acknowledged. That which was fragmented now strives for unity. That which was broken now yearns for wholeness. That which was neglected now seeks expression. That which was previously formless in nature suddenly begins to take a new shape, strangely in keeping with what feels like a unique and deeply ingrained individual patterning. The center of the personality moves from the ego toward the Self, in an attempt to establish a new center of the psyche somewhere between the two. There is something in the human psyche, which in its own fullness of time, struggles to produce the true personality. The individuation is an autonomous, inborn process, which means that it does not require external stimulation in order to come into existence. The personality of an individuation is destined to individuate just as surely as the body is destined to grow. But just as the body needs proper food and exercise for healthy growth, so the personality needs proper experiences and education for healthy individuation. For example in the early stages of childhood, of infancy personalities of the child are a reflection of the parent’s personalities, meaning that the child does not carry his own identity. But when the child separates himself from the parents, as in he starts attending school. He will then start shaping his own personality in unique ways apart from the parents. Three facts about Carl Jung. Jung was an introverted child and found happiness in being quiet and being alone. When he was a child he played by himself, since his sister was not born until he was nine. He spent hours inventing and playing games, then abandoning them to devise new and more complex ones. He did not want anyone to disturb him o tot interfere while he played. Jung had religious conflicts throughout his adolescence. Questions concerning religion were taboo. It produced confusion in jungs’ mind but it was the barrier that made communication with his father virtually impossible. He searched unsuccessfully through books for answers to his questions. Religious discussions with his father invariably ended unsatisfactorily, often with fuss and hard feelings. Jungs father died and made his financial situation worse. This left him responsible for the support of his mother and sister. Some of his relatives urged jung to discontinue his studies and seek employment, fortunately, one unclc offered financial assistance to take care of the family and the other relatives loaned jung money to continue at the university.